The Semiconductor industry remains a cornerstone of modern technology, enabling advancements across computing, communication, healthcare, automotive systems, and consumer electronics. At the core of this industry lies VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), a field that combines digital design, electronics, and system-level thinking to create complex integrated circuits. As chip designs https://slidingclassroomboardtela19641.thezenweb.com/design-for-testability-as-a-strategic-discipline-in-vlsi-development-77878695